Order building moments in international politics tend to come after major wars – the Napoleonic Wars, the world wars, and the Cold War. At issue in each of these great conflicts was the governance of the international system. Institutions, rules, and
diplomatic arrangements were put in place to manage the peace. Along the way, the chaos of violence was turned into a semblance of order. In his speech, G. John Ikenberry, Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton university, comments the differences of the diverse international orders: in geographic scale, in their functional scope, in terms of their institutionalization and, importantly, in terms of their inclusiveness.
Conference: 200 Years of Conference Diplomacy | From the Congress of Vienna to the G7
On 9 June 1815, the Final Act of the Congress of Vienna was signed. Two hundred years later, on 7 and 8 June 2015, Germany hosted the G7 summit. This coincidence provided a unique occasion to reflect on the past, present and future of conference diplomacy. For this purpose, an international conference with eminent political scientists and historians took place at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs in Berlin on 8 and 9 June 2015. Researchers as well as political practitioners discussed the lessons of 200 years of multilateral cooperation, in four crucial areas: inclusion, effectiveness, legitimacy, and international order.