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The advanced civilisations between the Euphrates and Tigris faced the challenge of controlling the water from these two large rivers. Bridge construction and creating canal and irrigation systems were amongst the most important tasks of the civilisations in Mesopotamia, tasks that required special mathematical knowledge. Dr. Sergio Alivernini, an expert in ancient Oriental studies, researches the mathematical knowledge of this time. Which formulas were known? Which units of measurement and calculations existed? And what importance can be attached to lists of goods and salaries from that time?